Thursday, May 30, 2013

CLR (Common Language Runtime)

Common Language Runtime is the heart of .NET Framework used to manage the program written in .NET Framework compatible language (E.g. C#, Vb.NET, J# etc.). In other words, CLR is Execution Engine which executes the program for .NET Framework.
It provides a number of services, including the following:

ü  Code management (loading and execution)
ü  Application memory isolation
ü  Verification of type safety
ü  Conversion of IL to native code
ü  Access to metadata (enhanced type information)
ü  Managing memory for managed objects
ü  Enforcement of code access security
ü  Exception handling, including cross-language exceptions
ü  Interoperation between managed code, COM objects, and pre-existing DLLs
ü  Automation of object layout
ü  Support for developer services (profiling, debugging, and so on)


The Common Language Runtime (CLR) is the virtual machine component of Microsoft's .NET initiative. It is Microsoft's implementation of the Common Language Infrastructure (CLI) standard, which defines an execution environment for program code. The CLR runs a form of byte code called the Common Intermediate Language (CIL, previously known as MSIL (Microsoft Intermediate Language)


How CLR Works?


When we write a program in .NET compatible language, then the compiler for C# or VB.NET compiles the code in IL (Intermediate Language) or MSIL (Microsoft Intermediate Language) and then IL will be the input of CLR's component Just in Time compiler to produce machine independent code.
Apart from the above CLR is also responsible for:

Memory management

Thread management

Exception handling

Garbage collection

Security





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